The Applications of ambient noise Cross Correlation
Speaker: Kai-Xun Chen Adviser: Po-Fei Chen
  Abstract                                           Date: 2015/03/05
  It  has been proven that the cross-correlation of ambient noise can provide an  estimate of the fundamental mode surface wave empirical Green’s function  between two stations. The ambient noise cross correlation technique has been  widely applied to a variety of subjects, including station timing calibration, subsurface  velocity structure and temporal variation of seismic properties.
  The  robust daily cross-correlation function (CCF) gives the opportunity to examine  the timing problem of seismograph. Waveform similarity between causal and  acusal part of CCF or between correct CCF and incorrect CCF can provide the measurements  of time shift amount. Zha [2013] developed a new method for obtaining reliable  OBS orientations through polarization analysis of virtual Rayleigh waves  retrieved from CCF. The data quantity and azimuthal coverage of ray paths for  the ambient noise method increase with the number of sensors, making it  potentially more accurate for large OBS arrays. Chen [2011] examined the  spatiotemporal properties of short period secondary microseisms (SPSM) around  the offshore Taiwan using CCFs. Both the spatial and temporal variations of the  SPSM excitations exhibit characteristic features which are likely linked to the  diverse offshore settings and monsoon migration in Taiwan. Yu [2012] detect  temporal changes of elastic properties associated with the 2006 Mw 6.1 Taitung  earthquake in southeast Taiwan. Time lapse changes in the retrieved coda  arrivals of CCFs are estimated for monitoring spatiotemporal variations of  seismic velocities around the ruptured fault zones. For 3-D S wave tomographic  inversion (Lin [2013], Fang [2015]), the short-period surface waves may provide  greater constraint for velocity structure on shallow crust. In contrast with traditional  seismic tomography, noise tomography method doesn’t have the problem of  non-uniform distribution of earthquakes and attenuation problems because it  don’t need earthquake. Besides, this method also provides sufficient robust  measurements of group/phase velocity to inversion high-resolution tomography.
  Reference
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  Fang, H., H. Yao,  H. Zhang, Y.-C. Huang, and Van Der Hilst, R. D (2015), Direct inversion of  surface wave dispersion for 3-D shallow crustal structure based on ray tracing:  methodology and application, Geophys. J. Int., revised.
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  Lin, F.-C., D.  Li, R. W. Clayton, and Hollis D (2013) High-resolution 3D shallow crustal  structure in Long Beach, California: Application of ambient noise tomography on  a dense seismic array, Geophysics, 78(4), Q45-Q56,doi:10.1190/geo2012-0453.1. 
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  Yu, T.-C., and  S.-H. Hung (2012), Temporal changes of seismic velocity associated with the  2006 Mw 6.1 Taitung earthquake in an arc-continent collision suture zone, Geophys.  Res. Lett., 39, L12307, doi:10.1029/2012GL051970.
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  Zha, Y., S. C.  Webb, and W. Menke (2013), Determining the orientations of ocean bottom  seismometers using ambient noise correlation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40,  doi:10.1002/grl.50698.